Answer :
Final answer:
In ACL reconstruction, antegrade drilling is the technique that requires hyperflexion of the knee to drill femoral tunnels, aiming to closely replicate the natural attachment of the ACL for optimal functional outcomes. The correct option is c.
Explanation:
In ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) reconstruction, the drilling technique that requires hyperflexion of the knee to drill femoral tunnels is antegrade drilling. This method involves flexing the knee to an extreme degree to allow access for the drill to accurately create a tunnel in the femoral bone, mirroring the natural attachment point of the ACL. The goal of this approach is to replicate the ACL's anatomy as closely as possible, thereby enhancing the reconstructed ligament's functionality and durability.
Other techniques, such as retrograde drilling, cortical drilling, or what could be mistakenly termed "hyperflexion drilling," do not specifically entail the hyperflexion of the knee as a critical part of their procedural steps. Retrograde drilling, for instance, involves creating the tunnel from the inside out, potentially requiring less aggressive positioning of the knee. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for professionals in the medical and orthopedic fields, ensuring the best surgical outcomes for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.
