Answer :
Final answer:
Using the given parameters including surface tension, contact angle, and the radius of the capillary tube, we can compute for the capillary depression by substituting these into the equation 2T cos θ h = rpg and solving.
Explanation:
The question requires computing for the capillary depression for mercury in a capillary tube using given values. Capillary depression occurs with a liquid like mercury when the adhesive forces between the tube and the liquid are weaker than the cohesive forces within the liquid. In this case, the surface of the liquid depresses in the tube, creating a concave appearance. You are asked to determine the extent of this depression.
We will use the equation 2T cos θ h = rpg where h is the height of the liquid inside the capillary tube relative to the surface outside, T is the surface tension of the liquid (0.514 N/m), θ is the contact angle (140°), r is the radius of the tube (0.001 m), p is the density of the liquid (for mercury, it's approximately 13600 kg/m³), and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²).
Upon substituting these values into the equation, we can solve for h, which is the capillary depression we are trying to determine.
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