A 2 kg stone at the end of a string 1 m long is whirled in a vertical circle. At some point, its speed is 7 m/s, and the tension in the string is 118 Newtons. At this instant, the stone is:

The stone is at the bottom of the vertical circle due to the tension being greater than the weight of the stone plus the required centripetal force to maintain speed.

Explanation:

This is a Physics problem related to circular motion. Given that the weight of the stone (mg) is 2 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = 19.6 N and the tension in the string is 118 N, we know that the net force on the stone is directed upwards. When we consider that the centripetal force needed to maintain speed in the circular path is mv^2 / r (mass * velocity^2 / radius), in this case, 2 kg * (7 m/s)^2 / 1 m = 98 N. By observed that the tension is higher than the weight of the stone plus the required centripetal force (19.6N + 98N), it is clear that the stone is at the bottom of the circle.

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