Answer :
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Final answer:
The appropriate action for the nurse in this situation would be to assess the patient's pain using subjective and objective assessment data. If the pain is still present and within the appropriate time frame, the nurse should administer the prescribed dose of morphine. Morphine belongs to the class of drugs known as opioids and its mechanism of action involves binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, resulting in analgesia and pain relief. In the case of chronic pain, the nurse would expect to find differences in the assessment, such as a longer duration of pain, presence of comorbidities, and potential psychological and social factors contributing to the pain. Non-pharmacological nursing interventions that can be implemented to assist the client with relief of their discomfort include positioning, relaxation techniques, distraction, and cold or heat therapy. The effectiveness of the pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic measures can be monitored by assessing the patient's pain intensity, vital signs, and any changes in the patient's comfort level.
Explanation:
Assessment and Management of Pain in a Post-Operative Patient
Subjective and Objective Assessment Data
Class of Drug and Mechanism of Action
Appropriate Action for the Nurse
Chronic Pain Assessment Differences
Non-Pharmacological Nursing Interventions
Monitoring Effectiveness
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To assess the patient's pain, both subjective and objective assessment data should be considered. Subjective assessment data includes the patient's self-reported pain intensity, location, quality, and any factors that aggravate or alleviate the pain. Objective assessment data includes vital signs, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, as well as physical examination findings, such as wound appearance and tenderness. Morphine belongs to the class of drugs known as opioids. Its mechanism of action involves binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, resulting in analgesia and pain relief. The appropriate action for the nurse in this situation would be to assess the patient's pain using the subjective and objective assessment data. If the pain is still present and within the appropriate time frame, the nurse should administer the prescribed dose of morphine. In the case of chronic pain, the nurse would expect to find differences in the assessment. These may include a longer duration of pain, presence of comorbidities, and potential psychological and social factors contributing to the pain. As the nurse, you can implement various non-pharmacological nursing interventions to assist the client with relief of their discomfort. These interventions may include positioning the patient for comfort, teaching relaxation techniques, providing distractions such as music or guided imagery, and applying cold or heat therapy as appropriate. To monitor the effectiveness of the pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic measures, you should assess the patient's pain intensity using a pain scale, monitor vital signs for any changes, and evaluate the patient's comfort level. If the measures implemented are effective, the patient's pain intensity should decrease, vital signs should remain stable, and the patient should report an improved level of comfort. "
