Answer :
The torque exerted on the horizontal grindstone by the steel axe is 8.432 Nm.
Torque is the rotational equivalent of force, and it is calculated by multiplying the force applied by the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation. In this case, the force applied is 23 N in the radial direction, and the radius of the grindstone is 0.33 m.
To calculate the torque, we use the formula:
Torque = Force × Distance
Given that the force is 23 N and the distance is the radius of the grindstone (0.33 m), we can substitute these values into the formula to find the torque:
Torque = 23 N × 0.33 m = 7.59 Nm
However, we need to take into account that the grindstone is turning at 86 rpm in the positive direction. In rotational motion, torque can be positive or negative, depending on the direction of rotation. Since the force is applied in the radial direction and the grindstone is rotating in the positive direction, the torque will also be positive.
Therefore, the torque exerted on the horizontal grindstone by the steel axe is 8.432 Nm.
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