Answer :
Final answer:
The standard of proof required for a search or arrest is probable cause, which means reasonable grounds must exist to believe that a crime has been committed. This standard is higher than reasonable suspicion, which is sufficient for stops and frisks. It's also distinct from proof beyond a reasonable doubt, which is necessary for criminal convictions.
Explanation:
Understanding Standards of Proof for Searches and Arrests
The appropriate standard of proof required for a search or an arrest is probable cause. This legal standard means that there are reasonable grounds for believing that a crime has been committed or that evidence of a crime is present.
To elaborate further:
- Probable cause is necessary for police officers to obtain a warrant or conduct searches in exigent circumstances.
- In contrast, reasonable suspicion is a lower threshold and is sufficient for police to initiate a stop and frisk, as established in the case of Terry v. Ohio (1968).
- Proof beyond a reasonable doubt is a much higher standard that is required to secure a conviction in a criminal trial, meaning jurors must be almost certain of the defendant's guilt.
Thus, the correct answer to the student’s question is b. probable cause, as it is the standard that justifies law enforcement actions related to searches and arrests.
Learn more about Standards of Proof here:
https://brainly.com/question/40721801
