Answer :
Final answer:
The discussion on pages 221-222 shows that equality of welfare, as understood as enjoyment, is closely connected with resources. However, it also recognizes the importance of considering how individuals have acquired certain advantages. These pages also suggest that policies promoting equality can, in fact, contribute to economic growth if they are designed in a way that benefits the broader population.
Explanation:
The case of two scholars on pages 221-222 reflects on the equality of welfare when welfare is interpreted as enjoyment and its correlation with resources. American philosopher John Rawls and Indian economist Amartya Sen have contributed significantly in this understanding. Rawls, in his A Theory of Justice, argues the well-being of citizens must be a vital component in the agreement to obey a government. He advocated for equality which ensures every individual of the society enjoys equal status and moral worth.
On the other hand, Amartya Sen, through his capability approach, emphasizes the importance of providing resources to match individual need, creating opportunities for every person to live a fulfilling life. Therefore, from both views, equality of welfare is not merely achieved by equal distribution of resources but requires the consideration of how individuals have acquired certain advantages whether through nepotism, biases or otherwise.
The mentioned pages underline a connection between equality and economic growth, suggesting both can be achieved simultaneously. Policies focused on redistribution, like free public education, not only fosters equality by providing more to those who have less, but also contribute to a well-educated population that can enhance the economy leading to an increase in the economic output.
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