Answer :
Final answer:
Keystone species are vital organisms that significantly influence their ecosystems and other species. Their presence or absence can dramatically affect the community structure and biodiversity. Examples include sea otters and grey wolves, which help maintain the balance of their respective environments.
Explanation:
What Are Keystone Species?
Keystone species are organisms that play a crucial role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community. Their presence or absence significantly affects other species and the overall ecosystem. This concept illustrates the balance of ecosystems and how certain species can have a disproportionately large impact compared to their abundance.
Examples of Keystone Species
One well-known example of a keystone species is the sea otter (Enhydra lutris), which preys on sea urchins. When sea otters are present, they control the population of sea urchins, allowing kelp forests to thrive. If otters are removed from this ecosystem, the unchecked sea urchin population can devastate kelp forests, leading to a loss of biodiversity.
Another example is the grey wolf (Canis lupus) in Yellowstone National Park. Wolves help regulate deer populations, which in turn influence the growth of vegetation in the park. Their predation helps maintain a balance in the ecosystem that supports numerous other species.
In conclusion, the importance of keystone species cannot be overstated, as they serve as critical components within their habitats, ensuring ecological harmony.
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