Answer :
Below is a step‐by‐step explanation of how each new word is formed:
1. For [tex]\(\text{stare} + \text{ing}\)[/tex]:
Since the base word ends with an “[tex]\(e\)[/tex]” and the suffix begins with a vowel, we drop the final “[tex]\(e\)[/tex]” and then add “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{stare} \to \text{staring}$$[/tex]
2. For [tex]\(\text{stir} + \text{ed}\)[/tex]:
The base word “stir” ends with a consonant. To form the past tense of some single-syllable verbs, we double the final consonant (“[tex]\(r\)[/tex]”) and add “[tex]\(ed\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{stir} \to \text{stirred}$$[/tex]
3. For [tex]\(\text{slam} + \text{ing}\)[/tex]:
Here, the final consonant “[tex]\(m\)[/tex]” is doubled before adding “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]” to stress the correct pronunciation.
[tex]$$\text{slam} \to \text{slamming}$$[/tex]
4. For [tex]\(\text{grab} + \text{cd}\)[/tex]:
In this case, no changes to the base word are needed; simply attach the suffix “[tex]\(cd\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{grab} \to \text{grabcd}$$[/tex]
5. For [tex]\(\text{Ilappy} + \text{est}\)[/tex]:
When a word ends in “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” and the suffix starts with a vowel, we typically change “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” to “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” and then add “[tex]\(est\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{Ilappy} \to \text{Ilappiest}$$[/tex]
6. For [tex]\(\text{stab} + \text{cd}\)[/tex]:
No modification to the base word is required; the suffix “[tex]\(cd\)[/tex]” is simply concatenated.
[tex]$$\text{stab} \to \text{stabcd}$$[/tex]
7. For [tex]\(\text{Mcavy} + \text{est}\)[/tex]:
Since the word ends in “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]”, the “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” is replaced by “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” before adding “[tex]\(est\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{Mcavy} \to \text{Mcaviest}$$[/tex]
8. For [tex]\(\text{lifty} + \text{eth}\)[/tex]:
Again, with the ending “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]”, change it to “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” and then add the suffix “[tex]\(eth\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{lifty} \to \text{liftieth}$$[/tex]
9. For [tex]\(\text{Carry} + \text{age}\)[/tex]:
This is an irregular conversion where the new word is formed by changing the base entirely to a known form:
[tex]$$\text{Carry} \to \text{carriage}$$[/tex]
10. For [tex]\(\text{try} + \text{ed}\)[/tex]:
The proper past tense form of “try” is formed by changing the “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” to “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” and adding “[tex]\(ed\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{try} \to \text{tried}$$[/tex]
11. For [tex]\(\text{pry} + \text{cd}\)[/tex]:
There is no change to the base word because the suffix “[tex]\(cd\)[/tex]” does not require modifying the “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{pry} \to \text{prycd}$$[/tex]
12. For [tex]\(\text{pry} + \text{ing}\)[/tex]:
Simply attach the suffix “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{pry} \to \text{prying}$$[/tex]
13. For [tex]\(\text{mar} + \text{ed}\)[/tex]:
In monosyllabic words like “mar”, we double the final consonant (“[tex]\(r\)[/tex]”) before adding “[tex]\(ed\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{mar} \to \text{marred}$$[/tex]
14. For [tex]\(\text{carry} + \text{ing}\)[/tex] (interpreted as [tex]\(\text{Carry }t\text{ ing}\)[/tex]):
Here, even though the common rule for verbs ending in “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” might suggest a change, the result is obtained by simply adding “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]” to the portion of the word without the final “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” is not applied. Thus, the final form is:
[tex]$$\text{carry} \to \text{carring}$$[/tex]
The final answers for the additions are:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{rl}
\text{a)} & \text{staring}, \\
\text{b)} & \text{stirred}, \\
\text{c)} & \text{slamming}, \\
\text{d)} & \text{grabcd}, \\
\text{e)} & \text{Ilappiest}, \\
\text{f)} & \text{stabcd}, \\
\text{g)} & \text{Mcaviest}, \\
\text{h)} & \text{liftieth}, \\
\text{i)} & \text{carriage}, \\
\text{j)} & \text{tried}, \\
\text{k)} & \text{prycd}, \\
\text{l)} & \text{prying}, \\
\text{m)} & \text{marred}, \\
\text{n)} & \text{carring}.
\end{array}
\][/tex]
Each step shows how we form the new word by either modifying the base word (by dropping or changing letters) or by simply concatenating the given suffix.
1. For [tex]\(\text{stare} + \text{ing}\)[/tex]:
Since the base word ends with an “[tex]\(e\)[/tex]” and the suffix begins with a vowel, we drop the final “[tex]\(e\)[/tex]” and then add “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{stare} \to \text{staring}$$[/tex]
2. For [tex]\(\text{stir} + \text{ed}\)[/tex]:
The base word “stir” ends with a consonant. To form the past tense of some single-syllable verbs, we double the final consonant (“[tex]\(r\)[/tex]”) and add “[tex]\(ed\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{stir} \to \text{stirred}$$[/tex]
3. For [tex]\(\text{slam} + \text{ing}\)[/tex]:
Here, the final consonant “[tex]\(m\)[/tex]” is doubled before adding “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]” to stress the correct pronunciation.
[tex]$$\text{slam} \to \text{slamming}$$[/tex]
4. For [tex]\(\text{grab} + \text{cd}\)[/tex]:
In this case, no changes to the base word are needed; simply attach the suffix “[tex]\(cd\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{grab} \to \text{grabcd}$$[/tex]
5. For [tex]\(\text{Ilappy} + \text{est}\)[/tex]:
When a word ends in “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” and the suffix starts with a vowel, we typically change “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” to “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” and then add “[tex]\(est\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{Ilappy} \to \text{Ilappiest}$$[/tex]
6. For [tex]\(\text{stab} + \text{cd}\)[/tex]:
No modification to the base word is required; the suffix “[tex]\(cd\)[/tex]” is simply concatenated.
[tex]$$\text{stab} \to \text{stabcd}$$[/tex]
7. For [tex]\(\text{Mcavy} + \text{est}\)[/tex]:
Since the word ends in “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]”, the “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” is replaced by “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” before adding “[tex]\(est\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{Mcavy} \to \text{Mcaviest}$$[/tex]
8. For [tex]\(\text{lifty} + \text{eth}\)[/tex]:
Again, with the ending “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]”, change it to “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” and then add the suffix “[tex]\(eth\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{lifty} \to \text{liftieth}$$[/tex]
9. For [tex]\(\text{Carry} + \text{age}\)[/tex]:
This is an irregular conversion where the new word is formed by changing the base entirely to a known form:
[tex]$$\text{Carry} \to \text{carriage}$$[/tex]
10. For [tex]\(\text{try} + \text{ed}\)[/tex]:
The proper past tense form of “try” is formed by changing the “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” to “[tex]\(i\)[/tex]” and adding “[tex]\(ed\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{try} \to \text{tried}$$[/tex]
11. For [tex]\(\text{pry} + \text{cd}\)[/tex]:
There is no change to the base word because the suffix “[tex]\(cd\)[/tex]” does not require modifying the “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{pry} \to \text{prycd}$$[/tex]
12. For [tex]\(\text{pry} + \text{ing}\)[/tex]:
Simply attach the suffix “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{pry} \to \text{prying}$$[/tex]
13. For [tex]\(\text{mar} + \text{ed}\)[/tex]:
In monosyllabic words like “mar”, we double the final consonant (“[tex]\(r\)[/tex]”) before adding “[tex]\(ed\)[/tex]”.
[tex]$$\text{mar} \to \text{marred}$$[/tex]
14. For [tex]\(\text{carry} + \text{ing}\)[/tex] (interpreted as [tex]\(\text{Carry }t\text{ ing}\)[/tex]):
Here, even though the common rule for verbs ending in “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” might suggest a change, the result is obtained by simply adding “[tex]\(ing\)[/tex]” to the portion of the word without the final “[tex]\(y\)[/tex]” is not applied. Thus, the final form is:
[tex]$$\text{carry} \to \text{carring}$$[/tex]
The final answers for the additions are:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{rl}
\text{a)} & \text{staring}, \\
\text{b)} & \text{stirred}, \\
\text{c)} & \text{slamming}, \\
\text{d)} & \text{grabcd}, \\
\text{e)} & \text{Ilappiest}, \\
\text{f)} & \text{stabcd}, \\
\text{g)} & \text{Mcaviest}, \\
\text{h)} & \text{liftieth}, \\
\text{i)} & \text{carriage}, \\
\text{j)} & \text{tried}, \\
\text{k)} & \text{prycd}, \\
\text{l)} & \text{prying}, \\
\text{m)} & \text{marred}, \\
\text{n)} & \text{carring}.
\end{array}
\][/tex]
Each step shows how we form the new word by either modifying the base word (by dropping or changing letters) or by simply concatenating the given suffix.
