Answer :
The cranial bones, including the frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and others, form the protective cranial cavity for the brain, while the facial bones structure the face and provide cavities for sensory organs and functions like chewing.
The skull consists of 22 bones divided into two categories: cranial bones and facial bones. The cranial bones include the frontal bone, two parietal bones, two temporal bones, the occipital bone, the sphenoid bone, and the ethmoid bone. These cranial bones form the cranial cavity, which encloses and protects the brain, as well as serving as an attachment site for the muscles of the head and neck. Unlike the facial bones, which provide the structure and cavities for the eyes, nose, and mouth, the cranial bones do not move as they are tightly fused with connective tissue in adults.
The facial skeleton, providing the framework for the face, includes various bones such as the mandible (lower jaw), maxillae (upper jaw), nasal bones, zygomatic bones (cheekbones), and others that are not only cosmetically essential but also functional for processes like mastication (chewing) and communication. In contrast to the cranial bones, many of the facial bones have articulated joints that allow for movement, especially the mandible.
In summary, while the cranial and facial bones are all important parts of the skull structure, they serve different purposes: the cranial bones protect the brain, and the facial bones support the facial features and are involved in functions like chewing and sensory organ housing.
Cranial bones include the parietal, temporal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid.
Mandible, vomer, maxillae, zygomatics, nasals, lacrimals, palatines, and inferior conchae are all facial bones.
what are the functions of bones in the human body ?
Humans are vertebrates, which means we have a spinal column, sometimes known as a backbone.
In addition to the backbone, we have a complex skeletal system comprised of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
In addition to providing structural support for your body, bones perform a variety of crucial biological activities, including as safeguarding your internal organs and storing necessary nutrients.
Bones provide a variety of important roles in your body, including:
Support
Bone serves as a solid structure and a source of support for other sections of your body.
For example, while standing, the bigger bones of the legs support your upper body. We wouldn't have a definite shape if we didn't have bones.
Movement
Bones are also vital in bodily movement because they convey the force of muscle contractions.
Tendons connect your muscles to your bones. When you contract your muscles, your bones work as a lever, and your joints form a pivot point.
Protection
Many of your internal organs are also protected by your bones. Examples include how your rib cage surrounds organs like your heart and lungs, or how your skull's bones surround your brain.
Generation and maintenance of blood cells
Your bones are where your blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) are created. This process is known as hematopoiesis, and it takes place in the red marrow of your bone marrow.
Storage
Calcium and phosphorus are important elements that are stored in your bones. When your body need more of these nutrients, they can be reintroduced into your bloodstream.
In addition to red marrow, bones contain a kind of marrow known as yellow marrow. Some fat tissue is stored in this area. If necessary, the fats in this tissue can be broken down and utilised for energy.
Cranial bones offer attachment points and envelop and protect the brain. The facial bones build the framework of the face, hold the eyes in place, provide cavities for taste and smell organs, secure the teeth, and anchor facial muscles.
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