Answer :
Cystic Fibrosis and Haemophilia are examples of hereditary diseases.
What are Hereditary Diseases?
Hereditary diseases are conditions that are passed from parents to offspring through genes. These conditions are encoded in an individual's DNA, which is passed down from generation to generation.
Cystic Fibrosis
- Cause: Cystic Fibrosis is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to the production of thick and sticky mucus that can clog the lungs and obstruct the pancreas.
- Inheritance Pattern: Autosomal recessive, meaning a person needs two copies of the mutated gene to exhibit symptoms of the disease.
- Symptoms: Breathing difficulties, lung infections, and digestive problems.
Haemophilia
- Cause: Haemophilia is usually due to mutations in genes responsible for producing clotting factors in the blood, primarily located on the X chromosome.
- Inheritance Pattern: X-linked recessive, making it more common in males since they have one X and one Y chromosome.
- Symptoms: Excessive bleeding, frequent nosebleeds, and easily bruising.
Conclusion
Both Cystic Fibrosis and Haemophilia are passed down through families and are part of a group of diseases that individuals inherit genetically. Therefore, the correct option is hereditary diseases.
