Assuming a 300 km layer height, if the slant TEC is measured at 80 TECu for a 30∘ elevation, what is the vertical TEC?

How much propagation delay does the vertical TEC add for a GPS L1-band signal transmitting from directly overhead?

(Note: The vertical TEC was calculated as 36.303 TECu, but the method to find the propagation delay is not known.)

The vertical TEC is 92.4 TECu, indicating the electron content along the vertical path, and the propagation delay resulting from the vertical TEC is 2.381 meters, representing the additional time delay experienced by satellite signals due to the electron density in the ionosphere.

Vertical TEC = Slant TEC / cos(elevation angle) is used. Given a Slant TEC value of 80 TECu and an elevation angle of 30∘, the vertical TEC is calculated as 92.4 TECu. This value represents the amount of free electrons along the vertical path through the Earth's atmosphere. Propagation delay (in meters) = (40.3 / L1 frequency) x VTEC is employed. With an L1 frequency of 1575.42 MHz and a VTEC of 92.4 TECu, the propagation delay amounts to 2.381 meters. This delay accounts for the additional time it takes for satellite signals to traverse the ionosphere due to the electron density. SO, the vertical TEC is 92.4 TECu, indicating the electron content along the vertical path. Therefore, the propagation delay resulting from the vertical TEC is 2.381 meters, representing the additional time delay experienced by satellite signals due to the electron density in the ionosphere.

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