Answer :
Final answer:
Ernst Rutherford's landmark experiment in 1909 utilized a thin gold foil and involved the scattering of alpha particles to explore atomic structure. This experiment revealed that atoms consist mostly of empty space with a dense nucleus. The correct answer is "Gold foil and alpha scattering."
Explanation:
Ernst Rutherford's Experiment
Ernst Rutherford conducted a well-known experiment in 1909 using a thin gold foil to investigate the structure of the atom. The experiment involved firing alpha particles (helium nuclei) at the gold foil and observing their scattering patterns. This groundbreaking experiment led to the discovery that most of the atom is empty space, with a small, dense nucleus at its center, which deflected some of the alpha particles at large angles.
Among the options given, the correct pairing related to Rutherford's experiment is "Gold foil and alpha scattering". This choice accurately reflects both the material used and the type of particles involved in the experiment, which was essential for advancing the understanding of atomic structure.
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