Which of the following correctly contrasts anabolic and catabolic pathways?

1. Anabolic pathways consume energy, whereas catabolic pathways release energy.
2. Anabolic pathways release energy, whereas catabolic pathways require energy.
3. Anabolic pathways use oxygen, whereas catabolic pathways do not.
4. There is no contrast; they are synonymous terms.

The statement that correctly contrasts anabolic and catabolic pathways is option (1) "Anabolic pathways consume energy, whereas catabolic pathways release energy."

Anabolic and catabolic pathways are required for maintaining the cell's energy balance.

Anabolic pathways build larger molecules from smaller ones, which requires energy input. Catabolic pathways break down larger molecules into smaller ones, which releases energy that can be used by the cell or organism. These pathways are therefore opposite and complementary to each other.

Option 2 is incorrect because anabolic pathways require energy while catabolic pathways release energy.

Option 3 is incorrect because both anabolic and catabolic pathways can occur with or without oxygen depending on the specific pathway and organism.

Option 4 is also incorrect because anabolic and catabolic pathways are distinct and not synonymous terms.

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