Answer :
Final answer:
When buck-boost transformers are used to decrease the input voltage, the primary and secondary voltages are subtractive. This follows from the transformer equation, which describes that the ratio of secondary to primary voltage is equal to the ratio of secondary to primary windings. Therefore, a decrease in the input voltage results in a proportionate decrease in output voltage.
Explanation:
When buck-boost transformers are used to decrease the input voltage, the primary and secondary voltages are subtractive. Buck-boost transformers use Faraday's law of induction to step down or step up voltages depending on the particular requirement. In this case, when the input voltage is decreased, the output or secondary voltage is lower than the primary voltage.
The primary concept here is that the ratio of the secondary voltage to the primary voltage in a transformer equals the ratio of the number of loops in the secondary coil to the number of loops in the primary coil. This is often referred to as the transformer equation.
Essentially, transformers change voltages from one value to another using inductive coupling between the coils of the transformer. Furthermore, AC voltages are typically used where it is necessary to increase or decrease voltages because, in the case of DC voltages, there is no change in primary voltage and hence, there is no voltage induced in the secondary.
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