Answer :
Final answer:
Limestone is a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcium carbonate, formed in marine environments. Over time, limestone can compact, dissolve, and even metamorphose into marble under certain conditions. These processes drastically alter its structure and the surrounding landscape.
Explanation:
What type of rock is limestone?
Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock that is primarily composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), often in the form of calcite or aragonite. It usually forms in clear, warm, shallow marine waters through the accumulation of biological material like coral and shells, as well as through chemical precipitation.
How limestone changes over time
Over a long period, limestone can undergo several changes:
- Compaction and Cementation: Over time, the layers of limestone can become compacted due to the weight of overlying sediments. This process can lead to significant geological transformations.
- Dissolution and Erosion: Limestone is susceptible to dissolution when exposed to slightly acidic water. This can lead to the formation of features such as caves and sinkholes.
- Metamorphosis: If limestone is subjected to extreme heat and pressure (often from tectonic activity), it can transform into marble, a highly valued metamorphic rock.
Thus, limestone is not static; it evolves through physical and chemical processes, significantly influencing landscapes and ecosystems in the process.
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