High School

What is the sequence of the temperatures of a typical PCR reaction?

A. 94 °C, 60 °C, 72 °C
B. 72 °C, 94 °C, 60 °C
C. 94 °C, 72 °C, 60 °C
D. 60 °C, 72 °C, 94 °C
E. 72 °C, 60 °C, 94 °C

Answer :

the correct sequence of temperatures for a typical PCR reaction is 94°C, 50-60°C, and 72-74°C, corresponding to denaturation, annealing, and extension, respectively.

During PCR (polymerase chain reaction), the reaction mixture is subjected to a series of temperature changes, each optimized for specific biochemical reactions to occur. These temperature changes are usually carried out in a thermal cycler, a machine that can rapidly cycle through the different temperature steps.

The typical sequence of temperatures in a PCR reaction is:

  1. Denaturation: at a temperature of around 94-98°C, the double-stranded DNA template is denatured, separating the two strands from each other.
  2. Annealing: at a temperature of around 50-60°C, the primers anneal (bind) to the complementary single-stranded template DNA at the target sequence.
  3. Extension: at a temperature of around 72-74°C, the Taq polymerase enzyme extends the primers by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the primer, synthesizing a new strand of DNA that is complementary to the template strand.

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