Answer :
Work, specifically electrical energy, is used to transfer heat from the cold side to the hot side of a TEC, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the sides.
The form of energy used to do the work in transferring heat from the cold side of the thermal electric cooler (TEC) to the hot side, is known as work. A heat pump or a TEC uses work, often electrical energy, to move energy by heat from a cooler environment to a warmer environment, effectively increasing the temperature difference between the two sides.
This process is governed by the principles of thermodynamics, where heat transfer is a form of energy in transit that can be used to do work. Heat, in this context, is the energy transferred due to the random microscopic motions of particles caused by temperature differences.
Therefore, in a heat pump system, electrical energy is converted into work that transfers heat from a colder area to a hotter one, counteracting the natural flow of heat and creating a temperature gradient.
