Answer :
Final answer:
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are integrated systems of computer networks and physical processes. The complexities in design and uncertainties in the physical world pose challenges in the integration of these two components. The future of CPS promises advancements like AI, IoT, and 5G networks, with opportunities expanding into varied sectors.
Explanation:
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are integrations of computation, networking, and physical processes. In these systems, embedded computers and networks monitor and control the physical processes, usually with feedback loops where physical processes affect computations and vice versa.
The requirements for CPS involve synchronizing the cyber and physical components. The design challenges often come from the complexity of integrating software with physical systems, handling uncertainties in the physical world, and ensuring real-time system performance. Limitations involve difficulty in troubleshooting, complexity, and dependency on reliable software.
Opportunities in CPS can be seen in various sectors like healthcare, manufacturing, transportation, and energy. For example, the study of planets (micro) in the solar system (macro) or solar systems (micro) in the galaxy (macro) can be understood as a complex system that evolves based on established rules.
The future of CPS is promising with developments in technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and 5G networks enhancing the capabilities of CPS. The choice of a CPS is an important analytical step in solving complex problems and thoroughly understanding the interplay of physics and software.
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