Answer :
Final answer:
The relative saturation of a toluene-air mixture can be calculated by dividing the partial pressure of the vapor by the total pressure and multiplying by 100. In this scenario, the relative saturation of toluene is calculated to be approximately 1.34%. This means at 21 ˚C, the air contains 1.34% of the maximum amount of toluene it could hold.
Explanation:
The relative saturation, also known as the degree of saturation, is a measure of the amount of vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount of vapor that air can hold at a particular temperature. It can be calculated by dividing the partial pressure of the vapor by the saturation pressure of the vapor and multiplying by 100 to get a percentage.
In this case, the relative saturation of toluene in the mixture on the basis of partial and saturation pressures can be estimated by the formula:
Relative Saturation (%) = (Partial pressure of vapor/ Total pressure) * 100.
Substituting the given values:
Relative Saturation (%) = (1.33 kPa / 99.3 kPa) * 100 = 1.34%.
This means at the given temperature, the air contains 1.34% of the maximum amount of toluene it could potentially hold.
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