Answer :
Final answer:
Peace officers must use objective facts and circumstances to determine reasonable suspicion of drug use. Reasonable suspicion allows officers to perform stops and frisks and is a lower legal threshold than probable cause, as established by Terry v. Ohio (1968). Anything in plain view can contribute to probable cause. Therefore, the correct option is c) Objective facts and circumstances
Explanation:
To determine reasonable suspicion of drug use, peace officers need to use objective facts and circumstances, not just a drug test, probable cause, or surveillance only. Reasonable suspicion is a legal standard that is a lower threshold than probable cause. It allows law enforcement to stop and frisk individuals if there's a suspicion they are involved in criminal activity, as established in Terry v. Ohio (1968).
For instance, if an officer sees a person behaving erratically and notices drug paraphernalia in plain view, this may contribute to a reasonable suspicion that the individual is under the influence of drugs. Anything incriminating that is in plain view during a legal stop can be grounds for establishing probable cause, which may lead to a further search with or without consent, provided there is probable cause for such a search.
