Answer :
The correct answer is option b. The three main types of sediment are siliciclastic, biological, and chemical. Siliciclastic sediments form clastic rocks, biological sediments form organic and biochemical rocks, and chemical sediments form chemical sedimentary rocks through precipitation.
The three main types of sediment can be classified as: siliciclastic, biological, and chemical. Siliciclastic sediments are a type of clastic sedimentary rock and are mainly composed of solid fragments that have been transported. Biological sediments can be part of organic or biochemical sedimentary rocks, such as coal, which is formed from the compaction of organic debris, or limestone that may form from the accumulation of shells from microorganisms like foraminifera. Lastly, chemical sediments form chemical sedimentary rocks through the precipitation of minerals from solution, such as limestone, which can precipitate from calcium-rich waters.
Sandstone, for instance, is a common siliciclastic (or clastic) sedimentary rock formed by the compaction and cementation of sand particles. On the other side, rocks like coal, which are organic sedimentary rocks, are composed of organic materials that need to be buried quickly to prevent decay. This category also includes rocks that form from the accumulation of organic debris, wherein biological processes lead to chemical precipitation without containing organic compounds, termed biochemical sedimentary rocks.
