The reaction performed is the precipitation of calcium hydroxide from solutions of calcium chloride and potassium hydroxide. Filtering was first applied using a filter paper, followed by adding additional KOH and CaCl2.

QUESTION: Based on the observations, explain the results of your filtrate experiments. What substance remained in the filtrate? Why did you come to that conclusion?

Observations gathered from previous questions:

- Q5. Mass of filter paper: 0.03 grams

- Q6. Observations during filtering: The filter paper visually had a ‘lumpy’ texture and appeared somewhat shrunken.

- Q7. Mass of filter paper with product: 0.10 grams

- Q8. Filtrate with additional KOH observations: When additional potassium hydroxide was added, there was no clear form of precipitation; small bubbles formed but quickly dissolved.

- Q9. Filtrate with additional CaCl2 observations: When additional calcium chloride was added, there was no clear form of precipitation; small bubbles formed but quickly dissolved. A small fingerprint-like shape appeared on top of it.

The substance that remained in the filtrate is potassium chloride (KCl). This conclusion can be reached by analyzing the different observations:

1. Observations during filtering: The filter paper had a 'lumpy' texture and appeared shrunken. This indicates that some solid particles were trapped in the filter paper, suggesting that a precipitate was formed during the reaction.

2. Mass of filter paper with product: The mass of the filter paper increased from 0.03 grams to 0.10 grams. This increase in mass indicates that a solid product was collected on the filter paper.

3. Filtrate with additional KOH observations: When additional potassium hydroxide (KOH) was added to the filtrate, there was no clear form of precipitation. This suggests that the reaction between calcium chloride and potassium hydroxide was complete, and all the calcium ions (Ca²⁺) had reacted to form a precipitate.

4. Filtrate with additional CaCl₂observations: When additional calcium chloride (CaCl₂) was added to the filtrate, there was no clear form of precipitation. However, a small fingerprint-like shape appeared on top of it. This suggests that there might have been some residual calcium ions (Ca²⁺) present in the filtrate.

In conclusion, based on the observations, the main answer is that the substance remaining in the filtrate is potassium chloride (KCl). The reaction between calcium chloride and potassium hydroxide resulted in the formation of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) precipitate, which was collected on the filter paper. The absence of further precipitation when additional KOH and CaCl2 were added indicates that the reaction was complete.

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