Answer :
Final answer:
Searches fall into two categories: those that require a warrant based on probable cause and warrantless searches. Warrants are issued when there is a reasonable belief that a crime has occurred or evidence will be found. Warrantless searches are allowed under specific conditions such as exigent circumstances or with consent.
Explanation:
Searches conducted by law enforcement typically fall into two broad categories: searches with a warrant and warrantless searches. When it comes to a warrant, law enforcement must demonstrate probable cause to a judge or magistrate in order to obtain a legal document that authorizes them to carry out a search or seizure. Probable cause exists when there is a reasonable basis to believe that a crime has been committed, or that evidence of a crime will be found in a particular place.
Warrantless searches are permissible under certain conditions, such as when there is a reasonable expectation that evidence may be destroyed before a warrant can be obtained, when the evidence is in plain view, or when the individual gives consent to the search. In cases where a person lacks a "reasonable expectation of privacy" or when the seizure is of items not in their immediate possession, warrantless searches and seizures may also occur.
Overall, the Fourth Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and endows individuals with the right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, setting a legal framework for law enforcement to follow in the pursuit of justice while respecting individual freedoms.
