Answer :
Final answer:
To assess an unresponsive adult, check the scene for safety, determine responsiveness, call for help, check for normal breathing, and begin CPR. When performing CPR on a child, use one hand or two fingers for compressions and ensure the depth of compressions is about 1.5 inches. The rescue breathing technique remains similar, with gentle breaths to avoid inflating the stomach.
Explanation:
Scenario 1: Assessing an Unresponsive Adult
If you find an adult who has collapsed and is unresponsive, the first steps are critical to ensuring the safety of both the victim and yourself.
- Check the scene for safety: Before approaching, make sure the environment is safe from any potential hazards.
- Check for responsiveness: Gently shake the person and shout, "Are you okay?" If there is no response, proceed to the next step.
- Call for help: Either call emergency services yourself or ask someone else to do so while you attend to the victim.
- Check for breathing: Look for chest rise and listen for breath sounds. If the person is not breathing or only gasping, you need to begin CPR immediately.
- Begin CPR: Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest (lower half of the sternum), place the other hand on top, interlock fingers, and perform compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, pushing down at least 2 inches deep.
- Provide rescue breaths: After every 30 compressions, give 2 rescue breaths. Make sure the airway is clear by tilting the head back slightly and pinching the nose shut while sealing your mouth over theirs.
Scenario 2: Performing CPR on a Child
When performing CPR on a child, the technique differs mainly in compression depth and the number of fingers used.
- Assess the scene: Same as adult CPR, ensuring safety first.
- Check responsiveness: Tap the child and shout to check for responsiveness.
- Call for help: If you are alone, call for help after checking the child.
- Check for breathing: Ensure respiratory status is checked similarly as in adults.
- Compression technique: Use one hand or two fingers for compressions instead of using both hands as in adult CPR. Compress to a depth of about 1.5 inches.
- Rescue breaths: The ratio remains the same as in adult CPR (30 compressions to 2 breaths), but when breathing for a child, ensure the breaths are gentle enough not to inflate the stomach.
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