High School

Match the following:

1. The continuous movement of water between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere - **hydrological cycle**
2. Pollutes water sources by dumping wastes in rivers, streams, and oceans - **industry**
3. The leading cause of water contamination in countries without water treatment plants - **sewage**
4. A source of water pollution caused by the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers - **agriculture**
5. Caused by an overabundance of organic matter in water supplies - **eutrophication**
6. The decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms - **putrefaction**
7. A chemical pollutant that can enter the water cycle through agricultural or domestic use - **pesticides**
8. Can cause the contamination of underground water supplies if poured on the ground - **petroleum**
9. A metal that leaks into water supplies via the soil or aging water systems - **lead**
10. Depends upon the production of disease-specific antibodies to destroy harmful bacteria - **humoral immunity**
11. Increases the activity of the central nervous system - **stimulants**
12. Reduces the activity of the central nervous system - **depressants**
13. Caused by the reproduction of a small infectious agent, which produces poisons that destroy cells - **bacterial infection**

Answer :

Answer:

Explanation:

1. Hydrological cycle: the continuous movement of water between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere.

2. Industry: pollutes water sources by dumping wastes in rivers, streams, and oceans.

3. Sewage: the leading cause of water contamination in countries without water treatment plants.

4. Agriculture: a source of water pollution caused by the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers.

5. Eutrophication: caused by an overabundance of organic matter in water supplies.

6. Putrefaction: the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms

7. Pesticides: a chemical pollutant that can enter the water cycle through agricultural or domestic use.

8. Petroleum: can cause the contamination of underground water supplies if poured on the ground

9. Lead: a metal that leaks into water supplies via the soil or aging water systems.

10. Humoral immunity: depends upon the production of disease-specific antibodies to destroy harmful bacteria.

11. Stimulants: increases the activity of the central nervous system.

12. Depressants: reduces the activity of the central nervous system.

13. Bacterial infection: caused by the reproduction of a small infectious agent, which produces poisons that destroy cells

Final answer:

Water pollution involves contamination by substances harming humans and the ecosystem, with human activities being the main source. It affects various water reservoirs within the hydrological cycle, leading to complex challenges in water management and environmental conservation.

Explanation:

Understanding Water Pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies by different pollutants, including chemical, biological, and physical substances. The impact of pollution depends on the concentration of pollutants, their ecological effects, and the usage of the affected water. Important sources of contamination include industrial waste, agricultural runoff, sewage, and accidental spills, which introduce metallic compounds, pathogens, organic matter, and synthetic chemicals into the water systems. Water contaminants can move through various water reservoirs as part of the hydrological cycle, which can make addressing water pollution complex, as reservoirs have varying water residence times.

Pollution can derive from both natural events (like volcanic eruptions) and human activities (such as agriculture), with most pollution being derived from land-based human sources. This pollution can be point-source, originating from a single identifiable source, or non-point source, dispersed over a wide area. The consequences of water pollution can range from ecosystem damage to human health risks, affecting drinking water supplies, recreation, fisheries, and wildlife.

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