Answer :
Final answer:
Integrated pest management includes chemical pest control, sustainable agriculture, and biological pest control methods.
Explanation:
Integrated pest management (IPM) is an agricultural approach that involves the use of a combination of pest control methods to effectively manage pests while minimizing environmental and health risks. It can include chemical pest control, sustainable agriculture practices, and biological pest control methods.
Chemical pest control involves the use of pesticides to eliminate or control pests. Sustainable agriculture refers to farming practices that promote long-term environmental health, such as crop rotation, soil conservation, and reduced use of synthetic pesticides. Biological pest control utilizes natural enemies of pests, like predators or parasitoids, to suppress pest populations.
Therefore, the correct answer is d. All of the above. Integrated pest management incorporates various farming methods, including chemical control, sustainable agriculture, and biological pest control, to ensure effective pest management while minimizing negative impacts.
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