Final answer:
Erik Erikson proposed a theory of psychosocial development that consists of eight stages. These stages span from infancy to old age and involve resolving specific psychosocial crises. The stages include Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, and Ego Integrity vs. Despair. Each stage presents unique challenges and conflicts that individuals must navigate to achieve healthy development.
Explanation:
Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Erik Erikson, a prominent developmental psychologist, proposed a theory of psychosocial development that encompasses eight stages throughout a person's lifespan. These stages are characterized by specific psychosocial crises or conflicts that individuals must resolve to achieve healthy development.
-
Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 year): Infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers based on the consistency and reliability of their care. This stage lays the foundation for future relationships and a sense of trust in the world.Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1-3 years): Toddlers develop a sense of independence and autonomy as they explore their environment. They learn to make choices and assert their will, which contributes to their self-esteem.Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6 years): Preschoolers begin to take initiative in their activities and develop a sense of purpose. They engage in imaginative play and learn to plan and initiate tasks.Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12 years): Children strive to master new skills and develop a sense of competence. They engage in schoolwork and extracurricular activities, seeking recognition for their accomplishments.Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18/20 years): Adolescents explore their identities and develop a sense of self. They grapple with questions of who they are, their values, and their future goals.Intimacy vs. Isolation (18-30 years): Young adults form intimate relationships and establish long-term commitments. They seek companionship and develop the capacity for love and intimacy.Generativity vs. Stagnation (25-55 years): Middle-aged adults contribute to society and nurture the next generation. They focus on their careers, family, and community involvement, finding fulfillment through their contributions.Ego Integrity vs. Despair (60+ years): Older adults reflect on their lives and achieve a sense of fulfillment or experience despair. They review their accomplishments and come to terms with mortality.
These stages highlight the importance of successfully resolving each crisis to foster healthy psychosocial development. Each stage builds upon the previous ones, and the successful resolution of earlier stages sets the foundation for later stages.
Learn more about psychosocial development here:
https://brainly.com/question/30767812
#SPJ14
