Answer :
Final answer:
The correct answer is A) Frozen. Semen for artificial insemination is stored frozen, via a process known as cryopreservation, which includes mixing semen with a protective extender, gradual cooling, deep-freezing in nitrogen vapor, and storage at −196°C.
Explanation:
The correct answer is A) Frozen. Semen for artificial insemination is typically stored in a frozen state to preserve its viability and fertility functions over time. The semen is first mixed with an extender that contains nutrients, protectants, and buffers to support and protect sperm cells when subjected to the stress of cooling and freezing. This mixture is then gradually cooled to 5°C and ultimately packed into straws which are exposed to nitrogen vapor for deep-freezing and then stored at −196°C in liquid nitrogen containers. Cryopreservation is the term used for this method of preservation, and when the semen is needed, the frozen straws are carefully thawed to body temperature for insemination practices or in vitro fertilization.
