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------------------------------------------------ How do patterns in allele 208 (at locus GF05) found in samples of the UCSD population vs. the Laguna Mountain population (LG) provide evidence that something is preventing most male UCSD juncos from migrating back to interbreed with females in that population?

A. They show a higher frequency of allele 208 in the UCSD population compared to the LG population.
B. They show a higher frequency of allele 208 in the LG population compared to the UCSD population.
C. They show no significant difference in the frequency of allele 208 between the UCSD and LG populations.
D. They indicate a complete absence of allele 208 in both the UCSD and LG populations.

A higher frequency of allele 208 in the UCSD population suggests limited gene flow and supports the notion that migration barriers are preventing male juncos from UCSD from returning to interbreed with females in the LG population, aligning with the processes described in allopatric speciation. Therefore, the correct option is A

Patterns in allele 208 at locus GF05 found in samples of the UCSD population vs. the Laguna mountain population (LG) provide evidence that something is preventing most male UCSD juncos from migrating back to interbreed with females in that population. If allele 208 shows a higher frequency in the UCSD population compared to the LG population, this points towards limited gene flow between the populations, suggesting that geographic and ecological factors might be restraining migration and consequently preventing interbreeding. In the context of allopatric speciation, restricted gene flow, due to geographic discontinuity, allows populations to evolve different allele frequencies at various loci as they adapt independently to their specific environments.

Options b, c, and d do not concur with the premise of reduced gene flow explaining the specific non-migration of male juncos from UCSD to LG for interbreeding. In contrast, option a suggests that the UCSD and LG populations are diverging genetically, which could be a result of the males not migrating back for interbreeding, thus contributing to the difference in allele frequencies observed in these separate populations.