Answer :
Final answer:
To hit a target, one must understand projectile motion and aim higher to compensate for gravity. Adjustments are needed depending on the range and factors such as muzzle velocity and air resistance affect trajectory.
Explanation:
Understanding Projectile Motion to Aim at a Target
When aiming to hit a target, one must consider projectile motion, which is not a straight line but an arched trajectory due to gravity. It's vital to recognize that when hitting a specified target, whether using a gun, a bow, or throwing an object, one must aim higher than the line of sight to compensate for the loss of height during the projectile's flight, known as trajectory.
For instance, gun sights are adjusted to aim high to counteract gravity, making the gun accurate at a specific range. If a gun is sighted for a target at the same height and 100.0 m away, a bullet will hit lower if aimed at a target 150.0 m away. The proper alignment involves accounting for the bullet's drop over distance due to gravity.
Increasing the muzzle velocity will affect the bullet's trajectory, generally allowing it to travel farther before dropping. However, the bullet still experiences gravity and will eventually drop. Additionally, air resistance will slow down the bullet and alter its path, requiring further adjustments to aim properly.
