For each of the following, state whether it is a safety, liveness, or fairness property. Identify the bad or good thing of interest. Note: Each statement may cover more than one property.

(a) What goes up must come down.

(b) The cost of living never decreases.

(c) Patrons are served in the order they arrive.

(d) Sooner or later everyone will face death.

Answer :

Final answer:

The given statements can be classified as safety, liveness, or fairness properties. 'What goes up must come down' is a liveness property, 'The cost of living never decreases' is a safety property, 'Patrons are served in the order they arrive' is a fairness property, and 'Sooner or later everyone will face death' is a safety property.

Explanation:

In computer science, properties are classified into three categories: safety, liveness, and fairness. Safety properties ensure that something bad will never happen, liveness properties guarantee that something good will eventually happen, and fairness properties ensure that certain conditions are met in the system.

Let's analyze each statement:

  1. 'What goes up must come down.' This statement is a liveness property because it guarantees that something good (coming down) will eventually happen. The bad thing of interest in this case would be if something goes up but never comes down.
  2. 'The cost of living never decreases.' This statement is a safety property because it ensures that something bad (decrease in the cost of living) will never happen. The good thing of interest here is the stability of the cost of living.
  3. 'Patrons are served in the order they arrive.' This statement is a fairness property because it ensures that a certain condition (serving in order of arrival) is met. The good thing of interest is the fairness in serving the patrons.
  4. 'Sooner or later everyone will face death.' This statement is a safety property because it guarantees that something bad (facing death) will eventually happen. The bad thing of interest here is the inevitability of death.

Learn more about classification of properties and identifying their characteristics here:

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