Answer :
The Grignard reaction involves the reaction of a Grignard reagent (alkyl or aryl magnesium halide) with a carbonyl compound to form an alcohol through nucleophilic addition and subsequent protonation.
The reaction between a Grignard reagent and a carbonyl compound is known as the Grignard reaction. In this reaction, an alkyl or aryl magnesium halide (Grignard reagent) reacts with a carbonyl compound, such as an aldehyde or ketone, to form an alcohol.
The Grignard reagent is formed by the reaction of an alkyl or aryl halide with magnesium metal in an ether solvent. The resulting Grignard reagent, which has a negatively charged carbon attached to the magnesium atom, acts as a strong nucleophile.
When the Grignard reagent reacts with a carbonyl compound, the carbon atom of the carbonyl group (C=O) is attacked by the nucleophilic carbon of the Grignard reagent. This leads to the formation of an alkoxide intermediate.
The alkoxide intermediate then reacts with a proton source (such as water or an acid) to give the final product, which is an alcohol. The reaction proceeds through the addition of the Grignard reagent to the carbonyl carbon, followed by protonation and subsequent elimination of the magnesium halide.
Overall, the Grignard reaction is a powerful synthetic tool for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and is widely used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of alcohols, acids, esters, and other compounds.
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