Answer :
Final answer:
The ABCDs of CPR include Airway, Breathing, Circulation, and Defibrillation. Biological death is the irreversible loss of all bodily functions, while clinical death can still be reversible with immediate CPR. To open the airway, use either the Head-Tilt/Chin-Lift or Jaw-Thrust methods; and before using an AED, ensure that no one is in contact with the victim.
Explanation:
Understanding CPR and Biological Death
- What do the ABCDs of CPR represent?
The ABCDs of CPR stand for:
- A - Airway: Ensure that the airway is clear.
- B - Breathing: Check if the person is breathing.
- C - Circulation: Assess circulation, looking for pulse and blood flow.
- D - Defibrillation: Use an AED if needed.
- How does biological death differ from clinical death?
Clinical death indicates the absence of heartbeat and breathing but can be reversible if CPR is started immediately. In contrast, biological death refers to the irreversible loss of all bodily functions, meaning the brain and organs can no longer function.
- When does biological death occur?
Biological death typically occurs minutes to hours after clinical death if oxygen is not restored to the brain and body, leading to cell death.
- What two methods can be used to open the airway?
The two main methods to open the airway are:
- Head-Tilt/Chin-Lift: This method involves tilting the head back and lifting the chin to clear the airway.
- Jaw-Thrust Maneuver: Used especially in trauma cases to avoid neck injury while lifting the jaw forward.
- What is an AED? How is it used?
An AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is a portable device that can diagnose life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and deliver an electric shock to restore a normal heart rhythm. It is used by turning it on, placing the pads on the patient’s chest according to the diagrams, and following the device's auditory instructions.
- Why must a rescuer "clear the victim" prior to pushing the shock button on an AED?
The rescuer must clear the victim to ensure that no one is in contact with the person being shocked, avoiding accidental shock to the rescuer or bystanders.
- What should you determine first before starting CPR?
The first step before starting CPR is to check if the person is responsive and breathing. If the person is unresponsive and not breathing normally, start CPR immediately.
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