Answer :
Sure! Let's go through a detailed, step-by-step solution for the questions provided.
16. Which shows an orbital diagram that violates the aufbau principle?
The aufbau principle states that electrons fill orbitals starting from the lowest energy level to the higher ones. Without seeing the diagrams, I can't specifically point out which one violates the principle. If you have the details of the orbital diagram options, I can help explain which scenario typically violates the aufbau principle, such as if electrons are not filling the lowest energy orbitals first.
17. Which shows the orbital diagram for the element beryllium?
Beryllium has 4 electrons. According to electronic configuration principles, its electrons are arranged as follows:
- The 1s orbital holds 2 electrons.
- The 2s orbital holds the remaining 2 electrons.
The correct orbital diagram for beryllium should show a filled 1s orbital and a filled 2s orbital. Knowing this, select the diagram that represents this configuration accurately.
18. Calculate the percent error for the student's boiling point measurement of pentane.
The percent error is calculated using the formula:
[tex]\[ \text{Percent Error} = \left(\frac{\left| \text{Measured Value} - \text{Literature Value} \right|}{\left| \text{Literature Value} \right|}\right) \times 100 \][/tex]
Given:
- Measured Value = 37.2°C
- Literature Value = 36.1°C
Let's calculate:
1. Find the difference in values:
[tex]\[ \left| 37.2 - 36.1 \right| = 1.1 \][/tex]
2. Divide by the literature value and multiply by 100 to find the percent error:
[tex]\[ \left( \frac{1.1}{36.1} \right) \times 100 \][/tex]
3. The calculated percent error is approximately 3.05%.
Thus, the correct answer for the percent error is E. 3.05%.
16. Which shows an orbital diagram that violates the aufbau principle?
The aufbau principle states that electrons fill orbitals starting from the lowest energy level to the higher ones. Without seeing the diagrams, I can't specifically point out which one violates the principle. If you have the details of the orbital diagram options, I can help explain which scenario typically violates the aufbau principle, such as if electrons are not filling the lowest energy orbitals first.
17. Which shows the orbital diagram for the element beryllium?
Beryllium has 4 electrons. According to electronic configuration principles, its electrons are arranged as follows:
- The 1s orbital holds 2 electrons.
- The 2s orbital holds the remaining 2 electrons.
The correct orbital diagram for beryllium should show a filled 1s orbital and a filled 2s orbital. Knowing this, select the diagram that represents this configuration accurately.
18. Calculate the percent error for the student's boiling point measurement of pentane.
The percent error is calculated using the formula:
[tex]\[ \text{Percent Error} = \left(\frac{\left| \text{Measured Value} - \text{Literature Value} \right|}{\left| \text{Literature Value} \right|}\right) \times 100 \][/tex]
Given:
- Measured Value = 37.2°C
- Literature Value = 36.1°C
Let's calculate:
1. Find the difference in values:
[tex]\[ \left| 37.2 - 36.1 \right| = 1.1 \][/tex]
2. Divide by the literature value and multiply by 100 to find the percent error:
[tex]\[ \left( \frac{1.1}{36.1} \right) \times 100 \][/tex]
3. The calculated percent error is approximately 3.05%.
Thus, the correct answer for the percent error is E. 3.05%.
