Answer :
11. Cleavage is the early series of cell divisions in the zygote during the 5-7 days after fertilization.
What is fertilization about?
12. Haploid is the term used to describe a nucleus that contains half the number of chromosomes as a diploid nucleus.
13. The egg contributes more chromosomes during fertilization. The egg has 46 chromosomes, while the sperm has 23 chromosomes. When the egg and sperm fuse, the resulting zygote has 46 chromosomes, which is the normal number for a human cell.
14. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone that is produced by the placenta after implantation. A home pregnancy test can detect HCG in the urine, which is a sign that a woman is pregnant.
15. The sperm and zona pellucida work together to ensure only one sperm fertilizes an egg. The zona pellucida is a thick layer of glycoproteins that surrounds the egg. The sperm has a special structure called the acrosome that helps it to penetrate the zona pellucida. Once the sperm has penetrated the zona pellucida, it releases enzymes that help to break down the zona pellucida. This prevents other sperm from fertilizing the egg.
16. The flagella is the long, whip-like structure that propels the sperm cell through the fluid of the female reproductive tract. The mitochondria are the energy-producing organelles of the cell. The pronucleus is the nucleus of the sperm cell. The acrosome is the special structure that helps the sperm cell to penetrate the zona pellucida.
Find out more on fertilization here: https://brainly.com/question/1151355
#SPJ1
