Answer :
Final answer:
The regular human respiratory rate is typically 12–15 breaths per minute and acute changes may occur after events such as a cardiac arrest. The normal partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) for males is 35–48 mmHg and for females 32–45 mmHg. The PETCO2, or the end-tidal carbon dioxide, is typically around 35-40 mmHg.
Explanation:
The question pertains to the normal ranges of various physiological parameters post-cardiac arrest. The respiratory rate, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the body (PaCO2) and end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) are under scrutiny. Keep in mind that these values can greatly depend on the specific patient and their unique physiological context.
On average, the regular human respiratory rate under non-exertion conditions is 12–15 breaths per minute. Post-cardiac arrest, this may be slightly modified as the body compensates for physiological changes. Furthermore, an adult's resting heart rate typically lies in the 60-100 beats per minute (BPM) range.
Normal partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in males is between 35–48 mmHg, and for females it's between 32–45 mmHg. PETCO2, which measures the maximum amount of carbon dioxide breathed out at the end of an exhalation, is generally 35-40 mmHg, but can vary with circumstances like post-cardiac arrest. Given the aforementioned values, the closest response to your question would be c) 12-20 BPM; 35-40 mmHg; 45-50 mmHg.
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