Answer :
Final answer:
To prevent further darkening of pigmented areas, a sunscreen with a high SPF of 30 or more is highly recommended. This is to prevent melanin production which is triggered by UV radiation. High SPF sunscreens absorb or reflect UV radiation, avoiding further pigmentation and other harmful effects of sun exposure.
Explanation:
To prevent further darkening of pigmented areas, it is highly recommended to use a sunscreen with a high Sun Protection Factor (SPF), ideally an SPF of 30 or higher. This is because the production of melanin, a pigment causing skin darkening, peaks about 10 days after initial sun exposure. When the skin is exposed to UV radiation, melanocytes produce more melanin to protect your skin and create a tan, which is essentially your skin's damage response to sun exposure. Sunscreen works to prevent this reaction, hence reducing skin darkening.
In addition to melanin production, our skin naturally undergoes a process where older cells are replaced by new ones. The older cells, filled with melanin, begin to slough off making tanning impermanent. This is also supported by the fact that melanosomes, structures that hold melanin, are temporary and eventually get destroyed.
A high SPF will absorb or reflect the UV radiation, preventing it from reaching melanocytes and triggering melanin production. This is essential in preventing both further darkening of pigmented areas and other harmful effects of sun exposure, such as premature skin aging and skin cancer.
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