Answer :
Final answer:
Preparing a peripheral blood smear involves creating a thin film of blood on a slide, staining it, and observing under a microscope. A systematic scan is performed to identify and count different types of blood cells. The cell distribution, morphology, and arrangement in the smear enable the assessment of a normal or abnormal cell count.
Explanation:
The preparation of a peripheral blood smear involves certain steps. One of the major steps is to create a thin film of blood with a 'feathered edge' on a glass slide, which allows for the individual blood cells to be distinguishable when observed under a microscope. This smear is then stained, commonly using the Wright's stain, to differentiate and identify the cellular components of the blood.
After staining, the blood smear is evaluated using a light microscope with an oil immersion lens. To begin, an initial scan for the appearance of red blood cells and platelets is performed, then a more detailed analysis is conducted for the various types of white blood cells present. A systematic approach may involve scanning the smear using a pattern and tallying the types of cells identified on a table, classifying at least 50 to 100 different cells.
A proper smear should show cells in a single layer, with all cells presenting the same color, shape, and arrangement. The absence of contaminants is also crucial. A student must be capable of recognizing and identifying various formed elements in the blood smear and assess whether the cells represent a normal or abnormal count.
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