Answer :
Final answer:
The complement pathway that employs properdin is the Alternative Pathway. Properdin stabilizes the C3 convertase complex in the alternative pathway, ensuring the complement system functions optimally to clear pathogens.
Explanation:
The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism. It comprises multiple proteins which together function in a cascade to ultimately aid in the clearance of pathogens. In relation to your question, the pathway that employs properdin is the Alternative Pathway.
In the alternative pathway, complement protein C3 is activated spontaneously and, after reacting with the molecules factor P (properdin), factor B, and factor D, splits apart. The properdin stabilizes the C3 convertase complex, acting as a positive regulator and ensuring the complement system functions optimally against the invading pathogen.
The larger fragment from this process, C3b, binds to the surface of the pathogen and C3a, the smaller fragment, diffuses outward attracting phagocytes to the site of infection. Surface-bound C3b then activates the rest of the cascade, forming the membrane-attack complex (MAC), which can kill certain pathogens by disrupting their osmotic balance.
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Properdin is an alternate route used by complement pathways. This component of complement in serum undergoes spontaneous hydrolysis, triggering the properdin complement pathway. Option b is Correct.
Properdin is used in the alternative complement pathway. Properdin, often referred to as factor P, is a positive regulator of complement protein activation, particularly C3, and it participates in phagocytosis and the inflammatory response (the ingestion of pathogens by phagocytes).
This results in the formation of the cleavage product C3b, which binds to the surfaces of microorganisms and forms the enzyme C3 convertase, which starts the activation of the succeeding complement elements. Our findings show that the most critical component of the complement system for innate immunity to S is the classical route, which is largely mediated by binding of natural IgM to bacteria. Option b is Correct.
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Correct Question:
which of the complement pathways employs properdin? which of the complement pathways employs properdin?
1. classical pathway
b. alternative pathway
c. lectin pathway
4. alternative and lectin pathways.
