Answer :
Final answer:
The Iroquois were the Native American group known for having a complex agricultural society with corn as their main crop. Corn was selectively bred from teosinte grass and became a staple in Iroquois culture, where they also formed a confederacy of tribes.
Explanation:
The Native American group that had a complex agricultural society with corn as its main crop was the Iroquois. This group was known for its development of horticulture upon their migration or after settling in the Northeast. The cultivation of corn, alongside other crops such as beans, squash, and sunflowers, was a critical component of Iroquois society. The Iroquois had even formed a confederacy of tribes by the time Europeans made contact with them.
Corn, or maize, played a significant role in the development of the agricultural societies in the Americas. It was first domesticated from the teosinte grass by indigenous peoples in what is now Mexico and then spread to other Native American societies, including the Iroquois. This diversification of corn by Native Americans included the creation of over 30 varieties, each adapted to different environmental conditions such as drought and pests.
The Anasazi, also known as Ancient Puebloans, were another Native American group who significantly cultivated corn in the Southwestern United States. However, for the purpose of this question regarding complex agricultural societies in the Northeast that primarily grew corn, the correct answer is the Iroquois.
