Answer :
Final answer:
The disease that can cause sudden darkening in complexion during infancy is congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
Explanation:
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands' ability to produce hormones, including cortisol and aldosterone. One of the common forms of CAH is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, which results in an excess of androgens (male hormones) in the body. This hormonal imbalance can lead to various symptoms, including skin darkening in infants.
In infants with CAH, the excessive androgens can stimulate the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. As a result, the infant's skin may darken rapidly, causing a noticeable change in complexion. This darkening is often more prominent in areas of the body with increased skin friction, such as the diaper area and the neck folds.
It's essential to note that CAH is a lifelong condition that requires medical management to replace the missing hormones and control the excess androgens. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent potential complications and ensure the child's well-being.
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