Answer :
Final answer:
To reduce the risk of increased intracranial pressure when suctioning a patient with a head injury, it is important to hyperoxygenate, hyperventilate before suctioning, and perform no more than two passes with the suction catheter. Instilling normal saline is generally not recommended. These actions support optimal patient care and minimize potential adverse effects.
Explanation:
Risk Reduction in Suctioning Patients with Head Injuries
Suctioning a patient with a head injury requires careful consideration to reduce the risk of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Here's an analysis of the nursing actions in question:
- Hyperoxygenating at a rate of 3 L/min: This action is beneficial as it ensures that the patient has adequate oxygenation which is critical for patients with head injuries.
- Hyperventilating the patient before suctioning: This can lower carbon dioxide levels, potentially preventing hypercapnia-induced ICP spikes, making it a suitable action.
- Suctioning the mouth with a separate oral suction device: Although it may help to clear airway secretions, it doesn't directly affect ICP during a suctioning procedure focused on the trachea or bronchi.
- Using normal saline instillation into the airway before suctioning: This practice is generally discouraged as it can lead to further complications without significantly improving outcomes, thus not reducing ICP.
- Performing no more than two passes with the suction catheter: This is essential to minimize trauma and irritation of the airways, thereby helping to maintain ICP levels.
In summary, the most effective actions to reduce the risk of increased ICP include: hyperoxygenating, hyperventilating, and limiting catheter passes. These interventions cater to maintaining adequate oxygenation and minimizing trauma.
Learn more about suctioning and intracranial pressure here:
https://brainly.com/question/38499460
