Answer :
Final answer:
Turkeys in captivity are primarily bred through artificial insemination, a form of artificial selection, to ensure the continuation of desirable traits. Artificial selection in turkeys shows how humans can influence the traits of a species, providing evidence for evolution by natural selection. Therefore, the correct option is B.
Explanation:
The process used to breed turkeys in captivity is mainly artificial insemination. This method is a form of artificial selection, where humans actively select and breed individuals with desirable traits. Artificial insemination is particularly common in turkey breeding due to the physical difficulties that breed turkeys have with natural mating. This method ensures genetic diversity and the continuation of desired traits within domestic turkey populations. Artificial selection is both similar to and different from natural selection. While both processes result in the differential reproduction of individuals with favored traits, in artificial selection, humans directly influence the outcome, while in natural selection, the environment plays the key role in selecting the traits that enhance survival and reproduction.
In comparison, captive breeding often involves artificial insemination and selective breeding to prevent extinction and stabilize populations of rare and endangered species. This technique differs from the process of domestication of species like turkeys for human use, but the underlying principles of selecting for specific traits can be similar. Artificial selection for agricultural purposes demonstrates the capability humans have to alter species over time, providing evidence for evolution by natural selection.
