Answer :
During the charging process of lead-acid batteries, also known as lead-acid accumulators, the chemical reactions that take place can lead to the generation of gases.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
Lead-Acid Battery Composition: A lead-acid battery consists of plates made of lead dioxide (PbO₂) and sponge lead (Pb) underwater in an electrolyte solution of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
Charging Process: During charging, electrical energy is applied to the battery, reversing the discharging chemical reactions. As a result, lead sulfate (PbSO₄) on the electrodes is converted back to lead dioxide, lead, and sulfuric acid.
Gas Generation: Along with the reversal of lead sulfate, the electrolysis of water present in the electrolyte can occur during overcharging, leading to the generation of gas.
Hydrogen Gas (B): As a result of hydrolysis, hydrogen gas (H₂) can be produced at the negative plate. This gas is light and can easily escape.
Oxygen Gas (A): Oxygen gas (O₂) can form at the positive plate when water is decomposed.
Correct Answer: While both hydrogen and oxygen gases can be developed, in the context of lead-acid battery charging processes, hydrogen gas is often more emphasized as it is formed during overcharging. Thus, the correct option to the multiple-choice question is B) Hydrogen.
It's important to monitor the charging process closely, as the accumulation of these gases, especially hydrogen, can be hazardous due to its flammability. Proper ventilation is essential to ensure safe charging of lead-acid batteries.
