Answer :
Final answer:
Based on the T.L.O. decision, school officials are held to the standard of Reasonable Suspicion. This standard, which is lower than probable cause, allows school officials to search a student's property if they reasonably suspect a school rule or law has been broken. Option B is correct.
Explanation:
The standard that school officials are held under based on the T.L.O. decision is b) Reasonable Suspicion. The T.L.O. decision refers to the landmark Supreme Court case New Jersey v. T.L.O. in 1985, where it was ruled that school officials could search a student's property if they have 'reasonable suspicion' that a school rule or law has been broken. This standard is lower than 'probable cause', which is needed by law enforcement to carry out searches and seizures.
While 'probable cause' requires evidence strong enough to lead a reasonable person to believe that evidence of a crime will be found in a specific location, 'reasonable suspicion' merely requires a reasonable belief that a crime has taken place. Unlike the standards of 'Preponderance of Evidence' and 'Beyond a Reasonable Doubt' which are used in civil and criminal trials respectively, 'reasonable suspicion' is particularly relevant in the context of school discipline and security.
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