Answer :
Final answer:
The normal sodium level in the human body is 135 to 145 milliequivalents (option A). Sodium, mostly intaken through diet and excreted by the kidneys, is crucial in maintaining the osmotic pressure gradient and balance of body fluids.
Explanation:
The correct answer is A. 135 to 145 milliequivalents. Sodium is the major cation of the extracellular fluid in our body, contributing to half of the osmotic pressure gradient between the cells and surrounding environment. The amount of sodium taken in by humans is majorly dependant on the diet, and it is then excreted mainly by the kidneys. Sodium has a critical role in the balance of body fluids.
It's important to maintain sodium concentrations within a certain range. When the concentration is lower than normal, it's referred to as hyponatremia, which is often due to water retention in the body diluting the sodium. Keeping this balance plays a critical role in maintaining health, as abnormal loss of sodium can occur due to conditions like excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, the use of diuretics, and diseases like diabetes and various forms of acidosis.
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