Answer :
Final answer:
A 'Generator Out Light' indicates no output from an AC generator. The minimum frequency required to avoid this light would be higher than the threshold at which the generator is detected as inactive, which typically would be a frequency that avoids noticeable flicker, such as 60 Hz in household lighting.
Explanation:
The question relates to the operation of an alternating current (AC) generator and the frequency at which a connected light bulb would get a 'Generator Out Light'. Due to the oscillation of the emf from a positive to a negative maximum, a bulb connected to an AC generator would flicker at twice the frequency of the emf oscillation. This occurs because the current goes to zero twice per cycle (once when transitioning from positive to negative and once from negative to positive). Commonly, we do not notice this flickering in household lights because the frequency is high enough to be above the refresh rate of the human eye. For example, in the United States, a typical frequency of 60 Hz translates to the bulb flickering at 120 Hz, which is faster than what we can perceive.
To avoid the 'Generator Out Light', which likely indicates that there is no output detected from the generator, the minimum frequency would have to be high enough so that the flickering is not detectable and maintains steady illumination. Given that a 60 Hz frequency is sufficient to avoid flicker in household lighting, the generator must have a frequency of at least 60 Hz. However, the minimum required frequency to avoid a 'Generator Out Light' could be different depending on the specific system's threshold for detecting an active generator.
