Answer :
Final answer:
The current carried by a wire is determined by the voltage and total resistance, not the wire's gauge directly. However, the gauge affects the wire's current-carrying capacity, with thicker wires able to carry more current. Typically, a 12-gauge copper wire can safely carry up to 20 amperes.
Explanation:
The question doesn't provide enough information to directly answer what current is passing through the 12-gauge copper wire. The current passing through a wire is not determined by the wire's gauge directly, but rather by the voltage applied and the circuit's overall resistance, according to Ohm's law (I=V/R). However, we can discuss that the gauge of a wire impacts its current-carrying capacity, the larger the diameter of the wire, the greater it can carry the current, and a 12-gauge wire, being thicker than a 14-gauge wire, will have a greater current-carrying capacity.
Also, the material-type of the wire contributes to the amount of current it can carry. For instance, copper wires, which have high conductivity, can carry more current than an identical gauge of aluminum wire.
In practice, though, the amount of current a wire carries must be safe and not heat the wire to the point of posing a fire risk. Typical household 12-gauge copper wire can safely carry up to 20 amperes.
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