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------------------------------------------------ What is computer software specifically designed to identify and encrypt valuable information in a victim's system in order to extort payment for the key needed to unlock the encryption called?

The question refers to Ransomware, a type of computer software designed to encrypt valuable information on a victim's system, requiring the user to pay a ransom to potentially unlock the encryption.

Explanation:

The computer software described in your question is known as Ransomware. This type of malware is designed to encrypt valuable information on a victim's computer or network. The idea is that the data will be locked, or encrypted, and inaccessible to the user until a ransom is paid. This is typically done with encryption algorithms for which only the attacker has the decryption key. Once the ransom is paid, usually in the form of an untraceable digital currency like Bitcoin, the hacker may provide the key to unlock the encryption. However, there's no guarantee they will follow through. Therefore, it is recommended to always maintain updated backups of important data and use reliable security software to protect against such threats.

Learn more about Ransomware here:

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